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The Tarnovo Constitution (in Bulgarian Търновска конституция) was the first constitution of Bulgaria. It was adopted on 16 April 1879 (O.S.) by the Constituent National Assembly held in Veliko Tarnovo as part of the establishment of the Principality of Bulgaria. It remained the fundamental law of Bulgaria after the country was elevated to a kingdom in 1908. The constitution was bourgeois-liberal in character, and was considered advanced for its time. It defined the function and competence of the central organs of state authority according to the principle of separation of powers among an executive, a legislative, and a judiciary branch. It provided for ministerial responsibility, immunity of the deputies, and inviolability of private property. The constitution included a clause that formally established the Bulgarian Orthodox Church as the official religion of the nation, although people of other religions were considered equal to those who followed the official faith. With amendments in 1893 and 1911 that strengthened royal power, the Tarnovo Constitution remained in use until 4 December 1947, when it was replaced by the Dimitrov Constitution. == Form of government and head of state == According to the constitution of 1879, Bulgaria was declared to be a constitutional, hereditary monarchy with a parliament whose members were elected by the people.〔Конституция на Княжество България от 1879 г. (Tarnovo Constitution), Article 4〕 The monarch bore the title of Prince and not tsar, as it was during the First and the Second Bulgarian Empire, since the treaty of Berlin from 1878 restricted Bulgaria’s independence to a certain degree and made it a de facto vassal state of Turkey. The Prince was supposed to be male and of Orthodox religion,〔Конституция на Княжество България от 1879 г. (Tarnovo Constitution), Article 38〕 although, in a legal act, an exception to the religious restriction was made when electing Alexander of Battenberg as the first Prince. The Prince had the power to initiate a legislative campaign〔Конституция на Княжество България от 1879 г. (Tarnovo Constitution), Article 9〕 and to coordinate the activities of the prime minister and the cabinet. Although the ministers were entitled to act as if they were representing the Prince, by signing with their own signature they agreed to take responsibility for what resulted from their actions.〔Конституция на Княжество България от 1879 г. (Tarnovo Constitution), Article 18〕 The Prince’s signature was also required for a bill to become law after it had passed through parliament. In 1908, when Prince Ferdinand Saxe-Coburg-Gotha proclaimed the independence of Bulgaria, he raised the country to a kingdom and assumed the title "tzar" (translated as king outside of Bulgaria). The Tarnovo Constitution was amended to change the official name of the country to the "Kingdom of Bulgaria" and substituting the word "Prince" with "tzar" wherever it occurred throughout the document. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tarnovo Constitution」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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